How to test...
Press the trip button down and turn the key on but don't start. Now when the word "Chec" shows up in the odometer display release the trip button it will test all the functions of the cluster. After the test, it will display 9xx codes in the display if anything is wrong. As for the tach make sure your crank sensor is good. Then the really weird one you might have to pull the crank sensor and check to see if the tone wheel is still on the crank. I've seen where the screw of the tone wheel fall out and the tone wheel got mashed up on the crank and landed in the oil pan. The truck will not start if there is no crank signal.
PCM and CTM have little impact on starting the truck. If you have a key fob which you don't being you have a standard CTM there is no security feature to disable the truck. So the PCM and CTM could be removed and the truck will still start. Being the ECM can be used as a standalone module and the engine would start and run. So this brings it back to why is there no tach signal which could be...
Bad crank sensor
Bad crank sensor wiring back to the ECM
Tonewheel fell off the crank